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Background information

The Adriatic Sea is an important environment for the Program Area as it includes the main ports of the North Adriatic (Trieste, Capodistria, Venice), shipyards (Monfalcone) as well as, on the other hand, marine protected environments with rich biodiversity. Since the economic and strategic position of the ports, the area is subject to intense naval traffic and therefore to possible pollution and environmental degradation. Ships arriving from world ports pose a threat to the local habitat, including biological fouling on the hull of ships (IBSN). In addition to the introduction of alien species, an important pollution factor is also given by the passage of dangerous chemicals from ship's paints into the marine environment. Fouling is unwanted from an economic and ecological point of view because it reduces the boat's capacity, increases fuel consumption and contributes to increasing greenhouse gas emissions.

The legislation expects the cleaning of the incrustation by the shipowners who usually carry it out in the ports, where the ship is cleaned in dry docks. The procedure is very long and expensive. An uncontrolled and inefficient cleaning of the incrustation can greatly worsen the quality of the water and the health of marine organisms. If cleaning is not carried out professionally and in accordance with the law, cross-border contamination of the environment may occur.

In this sense, a closer collaboration between Italy and Slovenia in the public and private sector is needed to define the procedures for controlling, monitoring and managing the waters of the marine environment and to treat the hazardous waste produced in cleaning the biological incrustation on the hull of the ships, including developing green technologies. This is ensured by the GreenHull project, whose results will help to promote the area's economic development opportunities while also preserving the marine environment, which is also the basis of the Bluemed initiative.
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